The Kubu and Rimbu in the south are the last remaining forest-dwellers, while the Orang Laut (sea people) traditionally lived aboard boats and continue to ply the seas off the east coast.

Today, Sumatra is a tapestry of ethnic groups living in rural communities: in the north are the devout Muslim people of Aceh in the northern highlands, the Christian Batak and in the west, the matrilineal Minangkabau. The early coastal kingdoms were the entry points for foreign influence that left a lasting imprint on the very fibre of Indonesia’s culture. Situated at the western rim of the archipelago along the Strait of Malacca, for centuries the region was the gateway for maritime trade through Southeast Asia, receiving merchants from China, India, the Middle East and Europe.

The thorns in the island’s side are the west coast’s susceptibility to earthquakes and tsunamis but for the intrepid traveller, the rewards are worthwhile. Allowing enough time here is the challenge. There is also memorable Danau Toba, Southeast Asia’s largest lake, along with impressive architecture, and ancient megaliths. Sumatra is a travel haven for nature-lovers, with surfing beaches and 11 national parks sheltering tigers, elephants and orangutans. The best travel tips for visiting Sumatra

South sumatra indonesia